P&G小站

# 容器化部署K8S-Mac单机版

# Kubernetes 本地快速启动

  • 操作系统

  • 桌面 Docker
> docker -v
Docker version 20.10.20
  • 安装 K8S

> kubectl get ns
NAME                   STATUS   AGE
default                Active   11d
kube-node-lease        Active   11d
kube-public            Active   11d
kube-system            Active   11d

注：如果长时间安装不上，需要科学上网，自行搜索即可

// yaml 启动安装
> kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.7.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
或下载到本地
> kubectl apply -f config/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

// 启动代理端口监听
// 默认 8001 端口，若有需要可通过 --port=8080 进行指定
> kubectl proxy

新增配置文件 dashboard-adminuser.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

// 生成 Token 复制到登录页面即可
> kubectl apply -f dashboard-adminuser.yaml 
> kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard create token admin-user

最终效果下

# Kubernetes 部署应用程序

# 创建 Deployment

创建 nginx-deployment.yaml 文件

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.18.0

应用 nginx-deployment.yaml 文件

> kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created

# 查看运行状态

查看 Pod 运行情况

> kubectl get pods
NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-deployment-dcb989799-bm625   1/1     Running   0          109s
nginx-deployment-dcb989799-kq9gs   1/1     Running   0          109s

查看 Deployment 部署情况

> kubectl get deployment
NAME               READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-deployment   2/2     2            2           2m26s

我们也可以通过 describe 命令进行查看

> kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-dcb989799-bm625

# 查看 Dashboard

# 创建 Nginx Service

通过 Kubernetes 的 NodePort 的方式对外提供访问。

生产中不推荐，Node节点都会监听端口号nodePort: 30001，较危险

创建 nginx-service.yaml 文件

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-service
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx
  ports:
  - name: nginx-port
    protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    nodePort: 30001
    targetPort: 80
  type: NodePort

应用 nginx-service.yaml 文件

> kubectl apply -f nginx-service.yaml
> kubectl get services -o wide
NAME            TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE   SELECTOR
kubernetes      ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP        11d   <none>
nginx-service   NodePort    10.108.246.231   <none>        80:30001/TCP   21m   app=nginx

访问

curl http://127.0.0.1:30001
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>

# 部署 Go 程序

  • 编写和编译 Dockerfile
FROM golang:latest

ENV GOPROXY https://goproxy.cn,direct
WORKDIR $GOPATH/k8s
COPY . $GOPATH/k8s

RUN go build .
EXPOSE 8000
ENTRYPOINT ["./k8s"]
  • 编译并打标签
docker build -t k8s:v0.0.1 .
  • 验证打包进 Docker 中的程序是否正常运行
docker run -p 10001:8000 k8s:v0.0.1
[GIN-debug] GET    /ping                     --> main.main.func1 (3 handlers)
[GIN-debug] Listening and serving HTTP on :8000
[GIN] 2023/01/04 - 02:43:12 | 200 |    2.229125ms |      172.17.0.1 | GET      "/ping"
  • 上传到本地的 docker hub
# 本地运行镜像 registry 具体参考
https://ni-ning.cn/k8s/docker.html#核心要素及常用操作详解 -> 7.推送本地镜像到镜像仓库中
# 镜像仓库给外部访问，不能通过localhost，尝试使用内网地址192.168.1.4:5000/nginx:alpine
> docker tag k8s:v0.0.1 192.168.1.4:5000/k8s:v0.0.1
> docker push 192.168.1.4:5000/k8s:v0.0.1
The push refers to repository [192.168.1.4:5000/k8s]
21eab65d6dd7: Pushed
bbcf3aecf686: Pushed
0b95ab180b3d: Pushed
d41140bbc3ba: Pushed
acd2b47d5b2a: Pushed
3ffe05c5d95f: Pushed
ffd50287b468: Pushed
cba7a92f211b: Pushed
fe09b9981fd2: Pushed
dd5b48ca5196: Pushed
v0.0.1: digest: sha256:21e9f5282a52774a78e3e979480a072e5ba2c92b3b2de321637a061880aa2e46 size: 2423

# 编写 Kubernetes 配置

  • 编写 go-deployment.yaml 文件
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: go-k8s
  labels:
    app: go-k8s
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: go-k8s
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: go-k8s
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: go-k8s
        image: 192.168.1.4:5000/k8s:v0.0.1
  • 创建 Service，编写 go-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: go-k8s-svc
  labels:
    app: go-k8s
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 8000
  type: ClusterIP
  selector:
    app: go-k8s
  • 创建应用
kubectl apply -f go-deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f go-service.yaml

# 部署 Ingress

> kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/controller-v1.5.1/deploy/static/provider/cloud/deploy.yaml

或保存到本地，命名为install-ingress-nginx.yml

// 行510 新增配置 hostNetwork: true
> kubectl apply -f install-ingress-nginx.yml

// 查看运行情况
> kubectl -n ingress-nginx get pods -owide

> kubectl -n ingress-nginx  exec ingress-nginx-controller-5757bc8586-clrnl -it /bin/bash
  • Nginx Ingress
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: test-ingress
  annotations:
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/use-regex: "true"
spec:
  rules:
  - host: "bar.foo.com"
    http:
      paths:
      - pathType: Prefix
        path: /
        backend:
          service:
            name: go-k8s-svc
            port:
              number: 8000
  • 外部访问
kubectl get ingress

# Go程序调用 Kubernetes API

# 查看 Kubernetes API

  • kube-apiserver 架构图

  • 访问 API 和查看列表

> kubectl proxy

> curl curl http://127.0.0.1:8001/api/v1/pods

# Go 程序调用 Kubernetes API

Kubernetes 官方提供了 Go 语言的 Client SDK

https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go (opens new window)

# Prometheus 快速入门

  • 一是指的 Prometheus 自身，是一个时序数据库
  • 一种是指 Prometheus 生态圈，指的是是整体的监控报警的生态圈和解决方案(Prometheus+Grafana+Alertmanager)

# Prometheus 整体流程图

# 安装 Prometheus

tar xvfz prometheus-*.tar.gz
  • 就可以看到下述目录
prometheus
├── LICENSE
├── NOTICE
├── console_libraries
├── consoles
├── data
├── prometheus
├── prometheus.yml
├── prometheus.yml.default
├── promtool
├── rules
└── tsdb
  • 启动 Prometheus
./prometheus
  • 默认监听 9090 端口

# Prometheus 四大度量指标

# Prometheus 对Go程序采集

上次更新: 1/5/2023, 11:05:04 AM

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